The impact of affordable childcare on the residents of the city of Essay

The impact of affordable childcare on the residents of the city of Oxnard, CA - Essay Example The strategy advocated in this study demanded residents to reduce on the amount of money, which they required to meet their subsistence (Darla, 2012). According to Keller, Martin, and Robertson (2012), the majority of those who access Oxnard childcare programs are high-income earners. However, many citizens depend on hourly wages, about $10 per hour for most workers, and these jobs are not guaranteed for a whole day1 (U.S Census Bureau, 2012). Therefore, this has prompted numerous low income parents result to staying with their children instead of relying on expensive care centers, which they are unable to afford while struggling to cater for other necessities. Young children develop quickly in their first four years (Mayesky, 2012). This age characterizes their scribble age where they learn advanced control of their bodies coupled with eye coordination. In this stage, a child exhibits more controlled physical and eye coordination in all activities, which they normally undertake while playing or interacting with their peers (Mayesky, 2012). Darla, A. (2012). Meeting Basic Needs on Low Income Wages in a Local Setting in Southern California: Experiences of the Working Poor. Retrieved on 6Th February 2013 from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.8/199. or https://csusm- dspace.calstate.edu/handle/10211.8/199 Gertler, J. P., Fernald, L. C. H. & Neufeld, L. C. (2008). Role of cash in conditional cash transfer programmes for child health, growth, and development: an analysis of Mexico’s Oportunidades. Lancet, 371, p. 828-837. Glasmeier, A. K. (2013). Living Wage Calculation for Oxnard city, Ventura County, California. Living Wage Calculator, Retrieved on 6Th February 2013 from U.S Census Bureau. (2012). Table 644. Average Hourly and weekly Earnings by Private industry Group: 1990 to 2010.

Land Law Notes Essay Example for Free

Land Law Notes Essay Land includes land of any tenure, and mines and minerals, whether or not held apart from the surface, buildings or parts of buildings (whether the division is horizontal, vertical or made in any other way) and other corporeal hereditaments; also a manor, an advowson, and a rent and other incorporeal hereditaments, and an easement, right, privilege, or benefit in, over, or derived from the land Law of Property Act 1925 s.62 A conveyance of land shall be deemed to include and shall by virtue of this Act operate to convey, with the land, all buildings, erections, fixtures, commons, hedges, ditches, fences, ways, waters, water-courses, liberties privileges, easements, rights, and advantages whatsoever, appertaining or reputed to appertain to the land, or any part thereof, or, at the time of conveyance, demised, occupied, or enjoyed with, or reputed or known as part or parcel of or appurtenant to the land or any part thereof. He who owns the land owns everything up to the sky and down to the depths Unrealistic in modern times – pipes underground, aircraft above etc. Bernstein v Skyviews General Ltd 1978 QB: Establishes that a landowner doesnt have unqualified rights over the airspace of his land. Fixtures and Fittings Law of Property Act 1926 s.62 Whatever is fixed to the land becomes part of the land Holland v Hodgson 1872 LR 7CP 328: Looms were fixtures as they were attached to the floor by nails, not just their own weight. If an article is annexed to the land by something more than its own weight, its a fixture, therefore part of the land. Elitestone v Morris 1997: Bungalow couldnt be removed without its destruction. An objective test to determine whether the object was intended for the use or enjoyment of the land, or for the more convenient use of the object itself. General principle: whether an object is part of the land is determined by a) The physical degree of annexation Chelsea Yacht Boat Co v Pope 2000 1WLR 1941: Boat on a river was a chattel not a fixture b) The purpose of the annexation: for better enjoyment of the land or for the better enjoyment of the chattel? Leigh v Taylor 1902 AC 157: These tapestries were works of art, but could be removed without causing structural damage. Therefore they were chattels not fixtures. Re Whaley 1908 1Ch 615: These tapestries were hung as to create the effect of an Elizabethan dwelling house, therefore they were fixtures. Relevance? Buyer: Taylor v Hamer 2002 EWCA Civ 1130: The Court decided that the flagstones were fixtures, and suggested that a seller is not allowed to remove fixtures without informing the buyer if there is a possibility that the buyer expects the fixtures to be included in the sale. Mortgage lender: Botham v TSB 1996 EGCS 149: The bank applied to the High Court to decide if certain everyday articles in the borrowers flat were fixtures and therefore were subject to the banks mortgage, so it could sell them as mortgagee. Taxation: Melluish v BMI 1996 AC 454 Landlord and tenant: A tenant has the right to remove tenants fixtures and fittings at the end of the tenancy: Young v Dalgety 1987 1 EGLR 116: A better definition of a tenants fixture is any item which is properly legally identifiable as a fixture and which was installed and continues to be removable by the tenant, is a tenants fixture. Spyer v Phillipson 1929 2 Ch 183: So long as the chattel could be removed without doing irreparable damage to the demised premises, neither the method of attachment nor the degree of annexation, nor the quantum of damage that would be done either to the chattel itself or to the demised premises by the removal, had any bearing on the right of the tenant to remove it. Wessex Reserve Forces and Cadets Association v White 2005 EWHC 983: landlord’s intention here to ‘demolish’ the premises only led to its aspirations of regaining possession being ‘flattened’ when the court held that (objectively) the landlord’s (subjective) intention could not be implemented and that, in any event, the landlord would not require possession of the premises to carry out the proposed works. Ownership of things found on the land. Parker v British Airways Board 1982 QB 1004: court decided that the finder of a gold bracelet in a public area of British Airways was entitled to possess it against the whole world save the true owner. An occupier of a building has rights superior to those of a finder over chattels on or in, but not attached to, that building if, before the chattel is found, he has manifested an intention to exercise control over the building and the things which may be on or in it. Bridges v Hawkesworth 1851: The finder of a lost article is entitled to it as against all but the true owner. Waverley BC v Fletcher 1996 QB 334: owner or lawful possessor of land owned all that was in or attached to it. Local authority which owned a public open space had a right SUPERIOR to Finder to things found in the ground of that open space and was entitled to possess them against all but the rightful owner. Buried Treasure Treasure Act 1996 s.1(1) Defines what treasure is s.4(1) When treasure is found, it vests, subject to prior interest and rightsin the Crown s.8(1) A person who finds an object which he believes or has reasonable grounds for believing is treasure must notify the coroner for the district in which the object was found (within 14 days) s.8(3) Any person who fails to comply with subsection (1) is guilty of an offence s.10 Payment of rewards

Analyzing the poem First Love. Essay -- English Literature

Analyzing the poem First Love. First Love I will be analyzing a poem called First Love, the poem was written by John Clare, who was born on July 13, 1793 and died on May 20, 1864. The poem is about the poets first love. The poem has three stanzas and eight lines in each stanza, there is twenty-four lines altogether. The poem rhythms, it goes in A,B A,B form, for example Hour rhythms with flower and sweet rhythms with complete. It is in first person, because it uses a lot of I, for example †I could not see a single thing† or â€Å"I never saw so sweet a face†. From the title we can see that the poet was never in love before. In the first line of the first stanza it says, â€Å"I ne’er was struck before that hour†, this line tells us that the poet was never struck with so much love for a person ever in his life. In the second line it says ,†With love so sudden and so sweet†, this line tells us that the poet fell in love so suddenly, this line has aliteration, e.g â€Å"so sudden and so sweet†. In the third line it says, â€Å"Her face it bloomed like a sweet flower†, this line tells us that the poet was shooked and dazzeled by the girls face, and he compares it with a flower. In the forth line it says, â€Å"And stole my heart away complete†, this line tells us that the girls face was so enlightening for the poet, that his heart was taken away by the girls face. This line also has personification,†And stole my heart†, the poet is taking about the face of the girl, and a face can’t steal a heart. In the fifth line it says, â€Å"My face turned pale as deadly pale†, this line tells us that the poets face turned as pale as it can get. This line also has a simile, for example â€Å"pale as deadly pale†. In the sixth line it ... ...nd he wants the reader to tell him. In the third line it says, â€Å"She seemed to hear my silent voice†, this line tells us that he thinks she can hear his thoughts. In the forth, fifth and sixth line it says, â€Å"And love’s appeal to know, I never saw so sweet a face As that I stood before:†, this line tells us that, never in his life did he saw a face so sweet, and that they were standing face to face. In the seventh and eighth line it says, â€Å"My heart has left its dwelling place And can return no more†, this line tells us that his heart has been broken, and it will not return to its rightful place. This stanza tells us that he has become confused and he dies. My conclusion is that it is a good poem, where the poet uses simple english, so anyone can understand it. I think people who are into love and romance will get pleasure from this poem very much.

American City Life and Rural Life Essay

Was life in an American city better or worse than life on the farm for the average American? † Substantiate your answer with facts/examples. (Ch. 18) Does it really make a difference where you live? Is there any change in people’s lives if they live in the city or the country? With no pun intended, this is a chicken and egg question – do urban and rural residents choose where they want to live based on their lifestyle preferences or do lifestyles change because of the environment? The word Rural† is defined by population density which means how many people are there in a given square mile. Urban areas are defined by the â€Å"census blocks† that have a population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile. The life in a city and on a farm has its own pros and cons. Even though my life is in the city (suburban) area, I prefer to live life on a farm. There are different aesthetic experiences between city and farm life. Even the prepositions show the difference-The farmer lives â€Å"ON† a farm and the urban friend lives â€Å"IN† a city. The cities attracted people from the countryside looking for higher wages and cultural enlightenment (Brinkley p496). In addition, life in an American City was visualized as an escape for many citizens, an escape from what they considered â€Å"The Boredom of Rural Life† (p. 502). Also, the city was preferred because people can experience the new forms of entertainment, amenities and cultural experiences unavailable in rural areas. People moved to cities because new forms of transportation made it easier for them to get there. (pg 503) but this also was a cause for increased crowding in the cities. The unemployment rate is also much higher than in the city. Some differences between city and farm life: First of all, countryside is not polluted,so you can breath there fresh air. Besides, the road traffic is much lesser compared to cities, thus you can enjoy silence in the country. You can also relax and go for a nice walk in the forest or in the meadows. What is more important, is that the country people can grow their own fruit and vegetables which are healthier than those you can buy in the greengrocer’s in the city. Another advantage of country life is it is safer than life in a metropolis. In small towns or villages, crime rate is usually very low and people need to be afraid of having their house broken into or of being attacked and robbed in the street. In addition, it seems that in the country the relationship between people are more genuine as people are more friendly and open there. On the other hand, divorce rates in rural areas are generally lower, in part because couples don’t move around as much. While incomes tend to be lower in rural counties, the cost of living is also proportionally lower. As they become older, people are tired with the hectic and stressful city life and often decide to move outside the city. All things considering, it is obvious that both country and city life have their advantages and disadvantages. Some people find city life more exciting and appealing than small towns but others prefer beauty and tranquility of the countryside, but a lot of people prefer city life because it is much easier. The choice whether to live in a city or country side depends on every person’s character and preferences.

Early 1920s and Hitler’s Rise to Power

The Rise of Hitler 1. Why did so many German people join the Nazi Party? In the early 1920s, Germany was especially hard-hit during the Great Depression after the first World War, mainly because of the Treaty of Versailles, which made Germany go into an extreme hyperinflation. People could not buy anything with a reasonable price. In 1922, a loaf of bread costed 163 marks. In September 1923, it would have costed 1,500,000 marks and in November of that same year which was the peak of the hyperinflation, the loaf of bread would be worth 200,000,000 marks.Prices were going up faster than people could spend their money. Naturally, workers were unhappy with the social and economic conditions in Germany. Then came Adolf Hitler, who formed a party known as the Nazis which promised many things that the workers and the people of Germany wanted and implemented his ideas through his propaganda. Hitler told people that he would make sure everybody got a job and that he would help the peasants. T hese ideas were implemented into his propaganda and proved to be very effective. . Why did the Munich Putsch 1923 fail? The Munich Putsch of 1923, also known as the Beer Hall Putsch was Adolf Hitler’s attempt to overthrow the Weimar government of Ebert and establish a nationalistic one instead in its place. The Munich Putsch failed because of several factors. First, Hitler had only about 35,000 supporters at that time so there was a shortage of rebels. Second, the Kahr had called in army and police reinforcements and 16 Nazis were killed.Hitler was threatening to shoot anyone that left the Beer Hall and didn’t rebel so not everyone was happy about participating in it, so when the police and army reinforcements came, most of them fled since they didn’t even want to be there in first place. Overall, the reason for the Munich Putsch failing is because the Nazis, despite not having enough supporters at the time, tried to force itself into power against superior mili tary and political forces. 3. Why did Hitler receive such a light sentence at his trial for treason?What were the consequences of his trial and time spent in prison? In 1923, after being arrested for participating in the Munich Putsch, Hitler served a fairly light sentence of 5 years and a 200 mark fine after being accused of high treason. Hitler actually only served 9 months of those 5 years in prison. However, the usual consequence of high treason was death. The question is, why didn’t Hitler get executed? In the courtroom at the time of the trial, Hitler used that time to make another one of his speeches, causing more people to join his cause.This also made the judge like him, so the judge gave him a particularly light sentence. However, even if the judge didn’t like him, he would have gotten a lighter sentence anyways. This is because there were many more German people supporting Hitler now and if the judge sentenced Hitler to death, then that might have caused an uprising or a protest. Therefore, the judge decided to send him to pay a 200 mark fine and serve a 5 year prison sentence, although he would be eligible for parole after 9 months.

Understanding Convectional Rainfall

Understanding Convectional Rainfall Convectional rainfall occurs when the energy of the sun (or insolation) heats the earth’s surface and causes water to evaporate changing to water vapor. This warm, moist air then rises, and as it rises, it cools. The air reaches a point called the condensation level where it has cooled to such an extent that the water vapor condenses and turns back to a liquid form. This process of condensation high in the atmosphere leads to the development of clouds. As the clouds continue to grow the weight of the water droplets can eventually lead to precipitation. (You can see the cycle in this diagram.) Convectional Storms Convectional storms occur in many areas of the world. They are at their most severe in parts of the tropics where there is a water source and intense heating. They are also common in warm mountain areas like the European Alps in the summer. This photograph shows the towering cloud developed by strong rising air currents. This convectional storm occurred near Sydney in 2002. There was heavy rain and hail. Hailstones develop when ice particles form in the cloud. The currents of air move the particles up and down in the cloud and as this happens additional layers of ice form around the nucleus. Eventually, the hailstones become  too heavy to be kept up, and they fall to the ground. This website has some useful photographs and video clips. Convectional storms  affect people’s lives in many ways. They can present various hazards to aircraft including turbulence and freezing at high altitudes. The following is based on an extreme weather summary for south Kansas in the USA. Source: Kansas 2006 crh.noaa.gov/ict/newsletter/Spring2006.php The convective storm started when hail 5 to 10 cms diameter hit a number of rural counties. Between 6:00 and 7:00 pm, one of the super-cellular severe storms in Reno County unleashed its power and caused disastrous and tragic results. The storm produced 80-100 mph winds on its southern end which raked south and southeast Reno County. This storm then took aim at Cheney Lake and State Park. The damage at the state park was major, and included the marina, around 125 boats, 35 campers, and an unspecified number of mobile homes. One mobile home was leveled. Total damage estimated around 12.5 million dollars. Six people were injured, all of whom required transport to Wichita hospitals. One man was killed when his fishing boat was overturned. On June 30th, Southeast Kansas was hit by destructive winds and hail that reached the size of baseballs. The baseball-sized hail hit parts of Woodson County around 7:35 pm, causing around $415,000 damage to crops. As the evening progressed, the severe thunderstorms, continued to unleash 80-100 mph winds. Hardest hit was Neosho County. In Chanute, large trees were uprooted with many falling onto homes and businesses. Other homes and businesses were completely unroofed. Numerous barns and sheds were destroyed. The towns of Erie and St. Paul experienced nearly identical fates. In Erie, one home was destroyed. In St. Paul, a church steeple was completely removed. Obviously, many power lines and power poles were blown down, severing power to all three towns. This round of atmospheric mayhem was responsible for $2.873 million damage to crops and property. Another product of severe convection that drew considerable attention in 2005 was the flash flood. The first major event occurred June 8th and 9th from around 8:00 pm the evening of the 8th to the early afternoon of the 9th. Hardest hit were Butler, Harvey and Sedgwick counties. In Butler County, two families required rescues from their homes 4 miles north of Whitewater. Numerous streets were barricaded in and around El Dorado, and creeks overflowed. The most notable occurred 2 miles northeast of Elbing, where Henry Creek overflowed, closing 150th Street as well as the 150th Street Bridge. In Harvey County, widespread 12-15 inch rainfalls in approximately 10 hours resulted in evacuations in Newton, where most streets were barricaded. Perhaps the worst flooding in this event occurred in Sedgwick, where an estimated 147,515 acres of farmland were inundated totaling an estimated $1.5 million damage. In Sedgwick County, 19 homes were flooded, of which 12 were mobile homes which are particularly susceptible to storm damages. These homes were completely surrounded by flooding; which isolated their occupants from the outside world. In Mt. Hope, people required rescue from their homes. Many streets and highways were barricaded, especially across Northern Sedgwick County, where flash floods reached 6 foot depths. The flooding inundated around 75,000 acres of farmland. Total property damage was estimated at $150,000.    ACTIVITIES Study the article above. Summarize the impacts of the convectional storms in Kansas in a list.Produce an article on the Sydney hail storm in 1999. This could be done in Microsoft Word, Publisher, or PowerPoint.You can also download this lesson in PDF format here.

Free Essays on St. Thomas Aquinas

Reimer-1 The argument for God’s existence has persisted for thousands of years. Many great philosophers have attempted to prove, or disprove the existence of one, or many Gods. One Italian philosopher named Thomas Aquinas offers five different arguments for the existence of the catholic God. One of his arguments, I believe, holds great truth in proving the existence of God. This argument is commonly referred to as â€Å"The Teleological Argument.† Using simple and obvious ideas I will further defend Aquinas Teleological argument against some famous objections. I will do first by explaining the teleological argument. Secondly, by offering simplistic ideas that further defend the argument. Finally by replying to his two most common objections. Aquinas’ fifth argument, commonly called the teleological argument attempts to prove the existence of God. The argument states that unintelligent beings or things tend to act, grow, or develop towards an intelligent goal or end. The following is taken from Aquinas â€Å"Summa Theologica† explaining his teleological argument for God’s existence: The fifth way is taken from the governance of the world. We see that things which lack knowledge, such as natural bodies, act for an end, and this is evident from their acting always, or nearly always, in the same way, so as to obtain the best results. Hence it is plain that they achieve their end, not fortuitously, but designedly. Now whatever lacks knowledge cannot move towards an end, unless it be directed by some being endowed with knowledge and intelligence; as the arrow is directed by the archer. Therefore some intelligent being exists by whom all natural things are directed to their end; and this being we call God.(Aquinas-19) To illustrate consider a natural object that lacks intelligence, much like a tree. When the tree experience a drought it extends it roots down deeper into the soil. It... Free Essays on St. Thomas Aquinas Free Essays on St. Thomas Aquinas Reimer-1 The argument for God’s existence has persisted for thousands of years. Many great philosophers have attempted to prove, or disprove the existence of one, or many Gods. One Italian philosopher named Thomas Aquinas offers five different arguments for the existence of the catholic God. One of his arguments, I believe, holds great truth in proving the existence of God. This argument is commonly referred to as â€Å"The Teleological Argument.† Using simple and obvious ideas I will further defend Aquinas Teleological argument against some famous objections. I will do first by explaining the teleological argument. Secondly, by offering simplistic ideas that further defend the argument. Finally by replying to his two most common objections. Aquinas’ fifth argument, commonly called the teleological argument attempts to prove the existence of God. The argument states that unintelligent beings or things tend to act, grow, or develop towards an intelligent goal or end. The following is taken from Aquinas â€Å"Summa Theologica† explaining his teleological argument for God’s existence: The fifth way is taken from the governance of the world. We see that things which lack knowledge, such as natural bodies, act for an end, and this is evident from their acting always, or nearly always, in the same way, so as to obtain the best results. Hence it is plain that they achieve their end, not fortuitously, but designedly. Now whatever lacks knowledge cannot move towards an end, unless it be directed by some being endowed with knowledge and intelligence; as the arrow is directed by the archer. Therefore some intelligent being exists by whom all natural things are directed to their end; and this being we call God.(Aquinas-19) To illustrate consider a natural object that lacks intelligence, much like a tree. When the tree experience a drought it extends it roots down deeper into the soil. It...