Alabama Bus Boycott A Civil Association For The...

Following the seemingly successful 1950’s Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott, a protest for segregation where African Americans under the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) refused to ride Alabama buses, ending after 381 days when the Supreme Court ordered Alabama to integrate its bus systems, the state figuratively dragged its heels in changing its transit. In fact, ten years later when the Supreme Court ruled segregated buses unconstitutional nationwide, yet southern states still refused to integrate their buses, despite attending college for a ministerial career and knowing the likelihood that the southerners would violently resist, James L. Farmer Jr. , a Gandhi-influenced activist, saw the opportunity to hold these states accountable. To do so, Farmer, organizing what he came to call â€Å"Freedom Rides†, set out to train 12 volunteers along with himself in nonviolent protest to prepare the riders to ride through those stubborn states , in turn desegregating them . While acquiring his degree from Howard University, the college where he decided to co-found and Direct the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Farmer studied Gandhi, this strongly influencing the activist to approach the protest peacefully . Choosing to model the Freedom Rides after a similar bus protest, Farmer followed Bayard Rustin’s â€Å"Journey of Reconciliation†; however, unlike Rustin, Farmer emphasized thoroughly training his riders in a three-day workshop that focused onShow MoreRelatedAlabama Bus Boycott : A Civil Association For The Advancement Of Colored People1528 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing the seemingly successful 1950s Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott, a protest for segregation where African Americans under the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) refused to ride Alabama buses, ended after 381 days when the Supreme Court ordered Alabama to integrate its bus systems, the state figuratively dragged its heels in changing its transit. In fact, ten years later when the Supreme Court ruled segregated buses unconstitutional nationwide yet southernRead MoreShort Speech On Rosa Parks1003 Words   |  5 PagesRosa Parks was a Civil Rights Activist born February 4th in the year of 1913. Rosa Parks was the first born child of James and Leona Edwards McCauley. Rosa Parks was born in Tuskegee, Alabama. Later Rosa Parks moved to Montgomery, Alabama as a child and would later in her adult life work as a seamstress. Rosa Parks lived on a farm with her family in Montgomery. Rosa Parks was also known as the â€Å"mother† of the boycott. In a town in Alabama called Montgomery, on December 1st in the year of 1955 afterRead MoreThe Montgomery Bus Boycott And The Civil Rights Movement1045 Words   |  5 PagesThe Montgomery Bus Boycott was a year-long protest, in which African-Americans refused to ride the segregated public buses in Montgomery, Alabama. Lasting approximately 381-d ays, the Montgomery Bus Boycott started on December 5, 1955, and ended on December 20, 1955 (Montgomery Bus Boycott, 2010). During this time period, Jim Crow laws had just become prohibited. However, Jim Crow laws were the way of life in the South, so even though they were prohibited they were still in full action and strengthRead MoreThe Life Legacy of Rosa Parks Essay958 Words   |  4 Pageswalk, but please children and grownups, don’t ride the bus at all on Monday. Please stay off the buses.† What would cause someone to say these words? The woman who started a movement to end Jim Crow and allow African-Americans to have the same rights as any other American. The woman’s name is Rosa Parks. Thesis: This African-American civil rights activist’s refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus helped spark the civil rights movement of the 1950s. Preview: Today I’llRead MoreRosa Parks and Her Courage1341 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans. She lived in a time when equality wasn’t really equal. When African Americans were scared/ weren’t allowed to state their opinions on different matters. However, Rosa Parks was an individual who stood up for herself. Rosa Parks helped the Civil Rights Movement and African Americans gain equality mainly through her courage and refusal to move. Nearly 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans in Southern states still inhabited a starkly unequal world of disenfranchisementRead MoreRosa Parks And The Civil Rights Movement1082 Words   |  5 Pages African American, Rosa Parks was born in Tuskegee, Alabama on February 4th, 1913. Rosa was a civil rights activists and worked really hard to change the ways in Alabama. Rosa Parks was the start of a new beginning. She was the reason people had the courage to stand up for what they believed in. She also started the up rising of The Montgomery Bus Boycott and did a great change in the Civil Rights Movement. Rosa Parks’s childhood consisted of racial discrimination and activism for racial equalityRead MoreThe Courage Of Rosa Parks1566 Words   |  7 Pageswhite passenger on a Montgomery bus. Because of her bold action she became a model to millions. Parks was an African American woman who became known for her bravery, which helped to change the nation. ‘’Parks spent most of her life fighting for desegregation, voting rights, and was active in the civil Right Movement that has changed social code in the U.S.’’(Rosa Parksfact.com). Rosa Parks is a pione er for her brave act; her belief in equality, justice, and advancement for African American has impactedRead More The Civil Rights Movement in 1955 Essay1725 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement refers to the political, social, and economical struggle of African Americans to gain full citizenship and racial equality. Although African Americans began to fight for equal rights as early as during the days of slavery, the quest for equality continues today. Historians generally agree that Civil Rights Movement began with the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 and ended with the passing of the Voting Rights Act in 1965. Despite the 14th and 15th constitutional amendmentsRead MoreThe Mother of the Freedom Movement: The Montgomery Bus Boycott782 Words   |  4 Pageshelped cause the civil rights movement in the United States, and her name was Rosa Parks. Rosa Parks was an African-American civil rights activist. Many know her by â€Å"the first lady of civil rights† or â€Å"the mother of the freedom movement.† Rosa Parks once said, â€Å"I’d see the bus pass everyday, but to me, that was a way of life; we had no choice but to accept what was the custom. The bus was among the first ways I realized there was a black world and a white world.† (The Story Behind The Bus) After she saidRead More Montgomery Bus Boycotts: Role of Women in the Civil Rights Movement1118 Words   |  5 PagesMontgomery Bus Boycotts: Role of Women in the Civil Rights Movement During the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 60s, women played an undeniably significant role in forging the path against discrimination and oppression. Rosa Parks and Jo Ann Robinson were individual women whose efforts deserve recognition for instigating and coordinating the Montgomery Bus Boycotts of 1955 that would lay precedent for years to come that all people deserved equal treatment despite the color of their Alabama Bus Boycott A Civil Association For The... Following the seemingly successful 1950s Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott, a protest for segregation where African Americans under the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) refused to ride Alabama buses, ended after 381 days when the Supreme Court ordered Alabama to integrate its bus systems, the state figuratively dragged its heels in changing its transit. In fact, ten years later when the Supreme Court ruled segregated buses unconstitutional nationwide yet southern states still refuse to integrate their buses, despite attending college for a ministerial career and knowing the likelihood that the southerners would violently resist, James L. Farmer Jr. , a Gandhi-influenced activist, saw the opportunity to†¦show more content†¦In 1938, intending to pursue a career in religion, James L. Farmer Jr. decided to take after his father, James Farmer Sr. (a methodist minister), by attending Howard University’s Divinity program (Titus). During hi s time there, Farmer Jr. studied Mahatma Gandhi s â€Å"Satyagraha†, a non-violent resistance technique that requires those who follow it to seek truth in a spirit of peace and love as well as refuse to cooperate with violent objectors (britannica.com). Four years later, James L. Farmer Jr. graduated in 1941 with a divinity degree; however, despite his father disapproving, Farmer chose to cofound Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) as the organization’s director with George Houser, a college classmate, in 1942 rather than continue on with ministerial work (biography.com). Altogether, Farmer graduated Howard with: support from those who joined CORE and inspiration from Gandhi’s Satyagraha technique, both of which he could then apply to resist segregation in the South. In fact, fourteen years later, Farmer recognized the opportunity to incorporate his non-violenct, civil resistance when several southern states continued to separate blacks from whites on their trans it system after the Supreme Court ruled segregated buses unconstitutional in 1956. This inspired Farmer to initiate â€Å"Freedom Rides†, consisting of civil-rights activists from CORE testing the new law by riding in designated white